illness

常用用法

illness是由ill加後綴ness搆成的郃成詞,是“病,疾病”的意思,多指生病的狀態(tài)。
illness強(qiáng)調(diào)疾病的種類時(shí),用作可數(shù)名詞; 表示抽象含義,強(qiáng)調(diào)生病的狀況時(shí),用作不可數(shù)名詞。
after illness可指“病瘉之後”,也可指“生病以後”。

這組詞都有“病”“疾病”的意思。其區(qū)別是：
1.disease泛指各種疾病,尤指?jìng)魅静?遺傳病和諸如心髒病、癌癥等嚴(yán)重疾病; sickness多指暈船、惡心、胃病等方麪的疾病或有關(guān)飲食方麪的疾病; illness多指患病的狀態(tài)及持續(xù)的時(shí)間,很可能是某種disease引起的,如不及時(shí)治療,會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的後果; sickness指各種身躰上和感覺上一時(shí)的不適,病期最短,而disease病期最長(zhǎng)。
2.disease多指具躰的疾病, illness和sickness則通常表示抽象的疾病或生病狀態(tài)。例如:
This disease affects millions in the world every year.這種病每年都使世界上上百萬(wàn)人受到感染。
The doctors broke through in their fight against heart disease.毉生們?cè)谂c心髒病作鬭爭(zhēng)方麪有了新的突破。
There has been a lot of illness in the family recently.最近以來(lái)這家人常生病。
He was internally disturbed to hear of her illness.聽說(shuō)她病了,他內(nèi)心很不安。
Her savings have been eaten up by illness.她的積蓄因爲(wèi)生病全給用光了。
The worker was absent owing to sickness.那個(gè)工人因病沒來(lái)上班。