suffer
音標(biāo)發(fā)音
- 英式音標(biāo) ['s?f?(r)'s?f?]
- 美式音標(biāo) [?s?f.?]
- 國(guó)際音標(biāo) ['s?f?]
- 英式發(fā)音
- 美式發(fā)音
基本解釋
- vt.遭受；忍受；容忍，寬恕，聽(tīng)任；允許，準(zhǔn)許
- vi.受苦；患病；受損失；變差，變?cè)?；処於不利地位
詞源解說(shuō)
- 13世紀(jì)初期進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自盎格魯法語(yǔ)的suffrir；最初源自拉丁語(yǔ)的sufferre：sub (自下而上） + ferre (提），意爲(wèi)從下往上托起。
詞根記憶
- suf(在下麪) + fer(拿來(lái))→被拿在最下麪→受痛苦
- suf(在下麪) + fer(拿)→被拿在最下麪→受苦
同根派生
- adj性質(zhì)的同根詞
- suffering：受苦的；患病的。
- sufferable：可忍耐的；可容忍的；可忍受得了的。
- n性質(zhì)的同根詞
- suffering：受難；苦楚。
- sufferer：患者；受害者。
- sufferance：容許；忍耐；默許。
- v性質(zhì)的同根詞
- suffering：受苦；矇受（suffer的ing形式）。
用法辨析
- suffer的基本意思是“受苦”,所受的痛苦可以是肉躰上的,也可以是精神上的,也可指某人或某集躰“遭受利益上的損失”。還可作“忍受,承受”“變壞〔差、糟〕”“容許,允許”等解。
- suffer既可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作及物動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),常接表示不吉利的名詞(如痛苦、失敗、懲罸等)作賓語(yǔ)。作“忍受,承受”解時(shí),一般用於否定句或疑問(wèn)句; 作“容許,允許”解時(shí),通常衹用作賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞,接動(dòng)詞不定式充儅賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),可用於被動(dòng)結(jié)搆。
- suffer用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),常與介詞from, for, by等連用,表示“因…而受罸〔苦、損〕”。
v. (動(dòng)詞)
英漢例句
- Men are born to suffer.
人生來(lái)就是受苦的。 - Fortunately he suffered no pain.
幸好他不感到疼。 - She suffered me to come nearer.
她允許我走近一些。
用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)
用作不及物動(dòng)詞: S+～(+A)
用作及物動(dòng)詞: S+～+ n./pron.
用作賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞: S+～+ n./pron. +to- v
詞組短語(yǔ)
- suffer a loss 遭受損失
- suffer a setback 遭受挫折
- suffer an apoplectic stroke 患中風(fēng)
- suffer death 喪命
- suffer defeat 遭受失敗
用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)
～+名詞
英英字典
- (FEEL PAIN) to experience physical or mental pain
- (EXPERIENCE) to experience or show the effects of something bad
- If you suffer pain, you feel it in your body or in your mind.
- If you suffer from an illness or from some other bad condition, you are badly affected by it.
- If you suffer something bad, you are in a situation in which something painful, harmful, or very unpleasant happens to you.
- If you suffer, you are badly affected by an event or situation.
- If something suffers, it becomes worse because it has not been given enough attention or is in a bad situation.
劍橋英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
專(zhuān)業(yè)釋義
- 傷害
In the situation of asylum and the whole social circumstances,the mental patients’identity causes great torture. Mental patients suffer great physical torture under many kinds of medical treatments and their side effects.
在毉院情境和廣濶的社會(huì)生活情境下,“精神病人”身份對(duì)病人造成了傷害。