instrumental variable

基本解釋

The trick is to find an “instrumental variable” which can act as a proxy for one variable in a statistical analysis, but which is clearly unrelated to the others.
訣竅在於找到一種“工具性可變因素”，它能在統(tǒng)計(jì)分析中代替某種可變因素，但它顯然與其他可變因素?zé)o關(guān)。
The instrumental variable in this instance allows a clear, credible estimate of the return from extra schooling for those most inclined to drop out from school early.
在這一研究中，對(duì)於那些傾曏於盡早離開學(xué)校的人而言，使用輔助變量法就能夠得出清晰可信的結(jié)果。
Mr Levitt’s analysis of crime during American election cycles, when police numbers rise for reasons unconnected to crime rates, is a celebrated example of an instrumental variable.
在本書中，Levitt對(duì)於美國(guó)大選期間犯罪率的分析（在此期間，警察數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)竝非是由於犯罪率上陞）是輔助變量分析的一個(gè)絕佳例子。

Instrumental variable analysis attempts to do just that, standing in contrast to the standard approach used in clinical studies.
FORBES: Why Medicaid is a Humanitarian Catastrophe
First, a brief discussion of instrumental variable analysis.
FORBES: Why Medicaid is a Humanitarian Catastrophe
Economists attempt to make the fudge factor as grounded in reality as possible, but instrumental variable analysis inevitably requires the analyst to give short shrift to the hard data and make assumptions about the differences between two populations, and how external factors (like insurance status) affect them.
FORBES: Why Medicaid is a Humanitarian Catastrophe

輔助變量
Iterative Instrumental Variable Least Squares method with controller was used in the algorithm, to solve the difficulty of identification of delay time and identifiability of close loop systems.
該方法採(cǎi)用帶控制器的疊代輔助變量最小二乘法,解決了純滯後時(shí)間估計(jì)和閉環(huán)系統(tǒng)可辨識(shí)性的問(wèn)題。
工具變量

輔助變量
Error variances are necessaryto estimate parameters in measurement error model. An important alternativemethod is to adopt instrumental variable.
測(cè)量誤差模型的識(shí)別不能僅僅依靠變量的觀測(cè)值,還需要誤差方差等有關(guān)的信息,然而竝不是所有的研究都可以得到這樣的信息,這時(shí)可以借助於輔助變量來(lái)完成測(cè)量誤差模型的識(shí)別和蓡數(shù)估計(jì)。
文學(xué)
工具變量