surprise

音標發(fā)音

• 英式音標 [s??pra?z]
• 美式音標 [s?r?pra?z]
• 國際音標 [s?'praiz]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• n.驚奇；驚喜；驚訝；突然
• vt.使驚奇；使驚喜；突然襲擊；驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)

詞源解說

• 16世紀中期進入英語，直接源自古法語的surprendre：sur （過） + prendre (超），意為超過某人；最初源自古典拉丁語的prendere，意為抓住，獲取。

同根派生

• adj性質的同根詞

  surprised：感到驚訝的，出人意料的。

  surprising：令人驚訝的；意外的。

• adv性質的同根詞

  surprisingly：驚人地；出人意外地。

  surprisedly：吃驚地；詫異地。

• n性質的同根詞

  surprisal：驚異。

• v性質的同根詞

  surprised：使驚奇（surprise的過去分詞形式）。

  surprising：使驚奇；意外發(fā)現(xiàn)（surprise的ing形式）。

• surprise相關詞

用法辨析

v. (動詞)

• surprise的基本意思是“使驚奇”,指未曾預料的或空前的事物使人產生某種驚訝感或詫異感,強調始料不及或缺乏準備,引申可表示對未做防范的人采取行動或揭露其試圖掩蓋的事實。用于軍事上可指襲擊,但不表示是否襲擊成功。
• surprise是及物動詞,其賓語常是人稱代詞。接名詞、代詞或以現(xiàn)在分詞充當補足語的復合賓語。
• surprise后接介詞at表示“對…感到驚訝”; 后接介詞from表示“出其不意使…說了”; 后接介詞into表示“出其不意地使人…”; 后接介詞with表示“以…使(某人)驚奇”。
• surprise的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都可用作形容詞,在句中作表語或定語。surprise的現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時含主動意義,主語一般是物。常采用以it作形式主語的結構,其真正主語由that引出。surprise的過去分詞作表語時含被動意義,主語一般是人,后接由介詞at引導的短語、動詞不定式或that/wh-從句,表示“對…感到驚奇”。

n. (名詞)

• surprise表示“驚奇,驚訝”,用作不可數(shù)名詞; 表示“令人吃驚的事物”,用作可數(shù)名詞。
• surprise在句中還可用作定語。

• surprise使用方法
• surprise詳細辨析

英漢例句

用作動詞 (v.)

用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.

• He may surprise us all yet.
  他總有一天會讓我們大家驚奇。

It ～s/ed+ n./pron. +to- v

• It surprised me to see so many people there.
  在那里看到那么多人使我感到意外。

It ～s/ed+ n./pron. +that-clause

• It surprised them that she was such a fine swimmer.
  她游得這么好,使他們都很驚奇。

S+be ～ed+to- v

• I'm surprised to hear you say that.
  聽你這樣講,我感到吃驚。

S+be ～ed+that-clause

• I'm surprised that you should think this way.
  我感到奇怪的是你竟這樣想。

S+be ～ed+wh-clause

• I was surprised why he came here so early.
  他為什么到這里那么早,我很驚奇。

用作賓補動詞: S+～+ n./pron. +(as) v -ing

• We returned early and surprised the burglars searching through the cupboards.
  我們回來得早,沒想到正好撞見有賊在偷柜子里的東西。

用作名詞 (n.)

• I'll never forget his surprise when we told him.
  我永遠不會忘記我們告訴他時他所表現(xiàn)出來的驚訝表情。

• surprise更多例句

詞組短語

用作動詞 (v.)

～+副詞

• surprise very much 使非常吃驚
• surprise agreeably 又驚又喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)
• surprise delightfully 感到驚喜
• surprise disagreeably 感到吃驚和不快
• surprise greatly 使大為吃驚

• surprise更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (EVENT) an unexpected event
• (FEELING) the feeling caused by something unexpected happening
• to make someone feel surprise

柯林斯英英字典

• A surprise is an unexpected event, fact, or piece of news.
• Surprise is also an adjective.
• Surprise is the feeling that you have when something unexpected happens.
• If something surprises you, it gives you a feeling of surprise.
• If you surprise someone, you give them, tell them, or do something pleasant that they are not expecting.
• If you describe someone or something as a surprise, you mean that they are very good or pleasant although you were not expecting this.
• If you surprise someone, you attack, capture, or find them when they are not expecting it.
• &rarrsee also surprised , surprising
• If something takes you by surprise, it happens when you are not expecting it or when you are not prepared for it.

• surprise劍橋字典
• surprise柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

心理學

• 驚奇

藝術學

• 驚奇