such

1. DET You use such to refer back to the thing or person that you have just mentioned, or a thing or person like the one that you have just mentioned. You use such as and such...as to introduce a reference to the person or thing that has just been mentioned. 這樣的; 如此的

There have been previous attempts at coups. We regard such methods as entirely unacceptable. 先前有過(guò)政變企圖。我們認(rèn)為這樣的方法完全不可接受。

2. PREDET Such is also a predeterminer. 這樣的 (作前位限定詞)[PREDET 'a' n]

If your request is for information about a child, please contact the registrar to find out how to make such a request. 如果你尋求的是有關(guān)孩子的信息，請(qǐng)與登記員聯(lián)系以獲知如何作這樣的請(qǐng)求。

She has told us that when she goes back to stay with her family, they make her pay rent. We could not believe such a thing. 她告訴過(guò)我們，當(dāng)她回去和家人一起住時(shí)，他們讓她付租金。我們不能相信這樣的事。

3. PRON Such is also a pronoun used before be. 這 (用于)(be)(前)

We are scared because we are being watched – such is the atmosphere in Pristina and other cities in Kosovo. 我們因被監(jiān)視而害怕–這就是普里什蒂納和科索沃其他城市的氣氛。

4. DET You use such...as or such as to link something or someone with a clause in which you give a description of the kind of thing or person that you mean. (像…) 那樣的

...incentive payments for such activities as planting hardwood trees. …給予像種植硬木樹(shù)那樣的活動(dòng)的獎(jiǎng)金。

Children do not use inflections such as are used in mature adult speech. 兒童不使用像成年人言語(yǔ)中使用的那些詞形變化。

5. DET You use such...as or such as to introduce one or more examples of the kind of thing or person that you have just mentioned. (諸如…) 之類(lèi)的

...such careers as teaching, nursing, hairdressing and catering. …諸如教學(xué)、護(hù)理、美發(fā)和餐飲等事業(yè)。

...serious offences, such as assault on a police officer. …諸如襲擊警官等嚴(yán)重違法行為。

6. DET You use such before noun groups to emphasize the extent of something or to emphasize that something is remarkable. 如此的[強(qiáng)調(diào)]

I think most of us don't want to read what's in the newspaper anyway in such detail. 我想我們中的多數(shù)人無(wú)論如何都不愿如此詳細(xì)地去讀報(bào)紙上的東西。

One will never be able to understand why these political issues can acquire such force. 人們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)明白為什么這些政治問(wèn)題能獲得如此的影響力。

7. PREDET Such is also a predeterminer. 如此的 (作前位限定詞)[PREDET 'a' n]

It was such a pleasant surprise. 它是如此一個(gè)驚喜。

8. PREDET You use such...that or such that in order to emphasize the degree of something by mentioning the result or consequence of it. 如此 (…以至)[PREDET 'a' n that] [強(qiáng)調(diào)]

This is something where you can earn such a lot of money that there is not any risk that you will lose it. 這是能賺到很多錢(qián)而沒(méi)有任何虧錢(qián)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的事。

Though Vivaldi had earned a great deal in his lifetime, his extravagance was such that he died in poverty. 盡管維瓦爾蒂一生中掙了許多錢(qián)，但其揮霍如此之巨，以至在貧困中死去。

9. DET Such is also a determiner. 如此的 (作限定詞)

She looked at him in such distress that he had to look away. 她如此憂(yōu)傷地看著他，以至他不得不把目光轉(zhuǎn)向別處。

10. DET You use such...that or such that in order to say what the result or consequence of something that you have just mentioned is. 如此這般的

The operation has uncovered such backstreet dealing in stolen property that police might now press for changes in the law. 這次行動(dòng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了如此這般的地下贓物交易以致警方現(xiàn)在可能迫切要求修改法律。

Their cost structure is such that they just can't compete with the low-cost carriers. 他們的成本結(jié)構(gòu)是這樣的以致于他們就是沒(méi)法與那些低成本的運(yùn)輸公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

11. PREDET Such is also a predeterminer. 如此的 (作前位限定詞)[PREDET 'a' n that/'as to']

He could put an idea in such a way that Alan would believe it was his own. 他能夠以這樣的方式表達(dá)觀(guān)點(diǎn)，以致于艾倫會(huì)相信那是他自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。

12. PHRASE You use such and such to refer to a thing or person when you do not want to be exact or precise. 某某[口語(yǔ)]

I said, "Well, what time'll I get to Baltimore?" and he said such and such a time but I missed my connection. 我說(shuō)，“那么，我?guī)c(diǎn)會(huì)到巴爾的摩呢？”他說(shuō)了某某時(shí)間，可我錯(cuò)過(guò)了聯(lián)運(yùn)列車(chē)。

13. PHRASE You use as such with a negative to indicate that a word or expression is not a very accurate description of the actual situation. 準(zhǔn)確意義上的 (與否定詞連用)

I am not a learner as such – I used to ride a bike years ago. 我不是個(gè)準(zhǔn)確意義上的初學(xué)者–我多年前常常騎自行車(chē)。

14. PHRASE You use as such after a noun to indicate that you are considering that thing on its own, separately from other things or factors. 作為…本身 (用于名詞后)

Mr. Simon said he was not against taxes as such, "but I do object when taxation is justified on spurious or dishonest grounds," he says. 西蒙先生說(shuō)過(guò)他并不反對(duì)稅收本身，“但我確實(shí)反對(duì)以無(wú)根據(jù)或不誠(chéng)實(shí)的理由征稅，”他說(shuō)道。

15. no such thing→see thing