drill

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drill用作名詞的基本意思是“鉆頭,鉆床”,指的是一種用來(lái)鉆孔的工具或機(jī)器,是可數(shù)名詞。
drill還可作“操練,訓(xùn)練”解,在表示具體的“操練”時(shí),用作可數(shù)名詞。反復(fù)多次的“操練”可用復(fù)數(shù)形式; 在表示抽象意義的“操練”時(shí),多用作不可數(shù)名詞。
drill引申還可作“規(guī)定程序; 正確方法; 常規(guī)”解,主要用于英式英語(yǔ)中。

drill可作“鉆孔”解,指用裝有尖銳旋轉(zhuǎn)工具的器械在堅(jiān)硬的物質(zhì)上鉆孔,此時(shí)既可用作及物動(dòng)詞也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。
drill常用的意思是“操練,訓(xùn)練”,指嚴(yán)格地、反復(fù)地、系統(tǒng)地訓(xùn)練、操練等,有時(shí)特指軍事操練,即“訓(xùn)練士兵的一系列動(dòng)作”或“按照擬訂模式重復(fù)練習(xí)某一學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容”,強(qiáng)調(diào)養(yǎng)成某種身體上的或思想上的習(xí)慣,就像用鉆鉆得很深一樣。
drill作“操作”“訓(xùn)練”解時(shí)可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作及物動(dòng)詞,可接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ),其賓語(yǔ)用來(lái)表示訓(xùn)練的對(duì)象,而訓(xùn)練的內(nèi)容有時(shí)用介詞in引出。
drill常用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

(TOOL) a tool or machine that makes holes
(REGULAR ACTIVITY) an activity that practises a particular skill and often involves repeating the same thing several times, especially a military exercise intended to train soldiers
(MAKE HOLE) to make a hole in something using a special tool
(PRACTISE) to practise something, especially military exercises, or to make someone do this

A drill is a tool or machine that you use for making holes.
A drill is a routine exercise or activity, in which people practise what they should do in dangerous situations.
When you drill into something or drill a hole in something, you make a hole in it using a drill.
When people drill for oil or water, they search for it by drilling deep holes in the ground or in the bottom of the sea.
A drill is repeated training for a group of people, especially soldiers, so that they can do something quickly and efficiently.
to teach by rigorous exercises or training
a machine for planting seeds in rows or depositing fertilizer
to plant (seeds) by means of a drill
a hard-wearing twill-weave cotton cloth, used for uniforms, etc
an Old World monkey, Mandrillus leucophaeus, of W Africa, related to the mandrill but smaller and less brightly coloured